MindZine - Bridge

A.	Calling Attention to an Irregularity
	1.	During the Auction Period
		Unless prohibited by Law, any player may call attention to an irregularity during the auction, whether or not it is his turn to call.
	2.	During the Play Period
		(a)	Unless prohibited by Law, declarer or either defender may call attention to an irregularity that occurs during the play period.
		(b)	Dummy (dummy's restricted rights are defined in Law 42 and Law 43)
			(1)	Dummy may not call attention to an irregularity during the play but may do so after play of the hand is concluded.
			(2)	Dummy may attempt to prevent declarer from committing an irregularity (Law 42B2).
B.	After Attention Is Called to an Irregularity
	1.	Summoning the Director
		(a)	When to Summon The Director must be summoned at once when attention is drawn to an irregularity.
		(b)	Who May Summon Any player, including dummy, may summon the Director after attention has been drawn to an irregularity.
		(c)	Retention of Rights Summoning the Director does not cause a player to forfeit any rights to which he might otherwise be entitled.
		(d)	Opponents' Rights The fact that a player draws attention to an irregularity committed by his side does not affect the rights of the opponents.
	2.	Further Bids or Plays
		No player shall take any action until the Director has explained all matters in regard to rectification and to the assessment of a penalty.
C.	Premature Correction of an Irregularity
	Any premature correction of an irregularity by the offender may subject him to a further penalty (see the lead penalties of Law 26).

LAW 10 - ASSESSMENT OF A PENALTY

A.	Right to Assess Penalty
	The Director alone has the right to assess penalties when applicable. Players do not have the right to assess (or waive) penalties on their own initiative.



B.	*Cancellation of Payment or Waiver of Penalty*
	The Director may allow or cancel any payment or waiver of penalties made by the players without his instructions.
C.	*Choice after Irregularity*
	1.	Explanation of Options
		When these Laws provide an option after an irregularity, the Director shall explain all the options available.
	2.	Choice among Options
		If a player has an option after an irregularity, he must make his selection without consulting partner.

LAW 11 - FORFEITURE OF THE RIGHT TO PENALISE

A.	Action by Non-Offending Side
	The right to penalise an irregularity may be forfeited if either member of the non-offending side takes any action before summoning the Director. The Director so rules when the non-offending side may have gained through subsequent action taken by an opponent in ignorance of the penalty.



B.	*Irregularity Called by Spectator*
	1.	Spectator Responsibility of Non-Offending Side
		The right to penalise an irregularity may be forfeited if attention is first drawn to the irregularity by a spectator for whose presence at the table the non-offending side is responsible.
	2.	Spectator Responsibility of Offending Side
		The right to correct an irregularity may be forfeited if attention is first drawn to the irregularity by a spectator for whose presence at the table the offending side is responsible.
C.	*Penalty after Forfeiture of the Right to Penalise*
	Even after the right to penalise has been forfeited under this Law, the Director may assess a procedural penalty (see Law 90).

LAW 12 - DIRECTOR'S DISCRETIONARY POWERS

A.	Right to Award an Adjusted Score
	The Director may award an adjusted score (or scores), either on his own initiative or on the application of any player, but only when these Laws empower him to do so, or:
	1.	Laws Provide No Indemnity
		The Director may award an assigned adjusted score when he judges that these Laws do not provide indemnity to the non-offending contestant for the particular type of violation of law committed by an opponent.
	2.	Normal Play of the Board Is Impossible
		The Director may award an artificial adjusted score if no rectification can be made that will permit normal play of the board (see Law 88).
	3.	Incorrect Penalty Has Been Paid
		The Director may award an adjusted score if an incorrect penalty has been paid.
B.	*No Adjustment for Undue Severity of Penalty*
	The Director may not award an adjusted score on the ground that the penalty provided in these Laws is either unduly severe or advantageous to either side.
C.	*Awarding an Adjusted Score*
	The last round of a session, and the session itself, ends for each table when play of all boards scheduled at that table has been completed, and when all scores have been entered on the proper scoring forms without objection.
	1.	Artificial Score
		When, owing to an irregularity, no result can be obtained, the Director awards an artificial adjusted score according to responsibility for the irregularity: average minus ( at most 40% of the available matchpoints in pairs) to a contestant directly at fault; average (50% in pairs) to a contestant only partially at fault; average plus (at least 60% in pairs ) to a contestant in no way at fault (see Law 86 for team play or Law 88 for pairs play). The scores awarded to the two sides need not balance.
	2.	Assigned Score
		When the Director awards an assigned adjusted score in place of a result actually obtained after an irregularity, the score is, for a non-offending side, the most favourable result that was likely had the irregularity not occurred or, for an offending side, the most unfavourable result that was at all probable. The scores awarded to the two sides need not balance and may be assigned either in matchpoints or by altering the total-point score prior to matchpointing.
	3.	Unless Zonal Organisations
		specify otherwise, an appeals committee may vary an assigned adjusted score in order to do equity.

LAW 13 - INCORRECT NUMBER OF CARDS

When the Director determines that one or more pockets of the board contained an incorrect number of cards, and a player with an incorrect hand has made a call, then when the Director deems that the deal can be corrected and played normally with no change of call, the deal may be so played with the concurrence of all four players. Otherwise, the Director shall award an artificial adjusted score and may penalise an offender. If no such call has been made, then:

LAW 14 - MISSING CARD

A.	Hand Found Deficient
	before Play Commences When three hands are correct and the fourth is found to be deficient before the play period begins, the Director makes a search for any missing card, and:
	1.	Card Is Found
		If a card is found, it is restored to the deficient hand.
	2.	Card Cannot Be Found
		If a card cannot be found, the Director reconstructs the deal, as near to its original form as he can determine, by substituting another pack.
B.	Hand Found Deficient Afterwards
	When three hands are correct and the fourth is found to be deficient after the play period begins, the Director makes a search for any missing card, and:
	1.	Card Is Found
		(a)	If a card is found among the played cards, Law 67 applies.
		(b)	If a card is found elsewhere, it is restored to the deficient hand, and penalties may apply (see 3., following).
	2.	Card Cannot Be Found
		If a card cannot be found, the deal is reconstructed as nearly as can be determined in its original form by substituting another pack, and penalties may apply (see 3., following).
	3.	Possible Penalties
		A card restored to a hand under the provisions of Section B of this Law is deemed to have belonged continuously to the deficient hand. It may become a penalty card (Law 50), and failure to have played it may constitute a revoke.

LAW 15 - PLAY OF A WRONG BOARD

A.	Players Have Not Previously Played Board
	If players play a board not designated for them to play in the current round:
	1.	Score Board as Played
		The Director normally allows the score to stand if none of the four players have previously played the board.
	2.	Designate a Late Play
		The Director may require both pairs to play the correct board against one another later.
B.	One or More Players Have Previously Played Board
	If any player plays a board he has previously played, with the correct opponents or otherwise, his second score on the board is cancelled both for his side and his opponents, and the Director shall award an artificial adjusted score to the contestants deprived of the opportunity to earn a valid score.
C.	Discovered during Auction
	If, during the auction period, the Director discovers that a contestant is playing a board not designated for him to play in the current round, he shall cancel the auction, ensure that the correct contestants are seated and that they are informed of their rights both now and at future rounds. A second auction begins. Players must repeat calls they made previously. If any call differs in any way from the corresponding call in the first auction, the Director shall cancel the board. Otherwise, play continues normally.

LAW 16 - UNAUTHORISED INFORMATION

Players are authorised to base their calls and plays on information from legal calls and or plays, and from mannerisms of opponents. To base a call or play on other extraneous information may be an infraction of law.

A.	*Extraneous Information from Partner*
	After a player makes available to his partner extraneous information that may suggest a call or play, as by means of a remark, a question, a reply to a question, or by unmistakable hesitation, unwonted speed, special emphasis, tone, gesture, movement, mannerism or the like, the partner may not choose from among logical alternative actions one that could demonstrably have been suggested over another by the extraneous information.
	1.	When Such Information Is Given
		When a player considers that an opponent has made such information available and that damage could well result, he may, unless the regulations of the sponsoring organisation prohibit, immediately announce that he reserves the right to summon the Director later (the opponents should summon the Director immediately if they dispute the fact that unauthorised information might have been conveyed).
	2.	When Illegal Alternative Is Chosen
		When a player has substantial reason to believe that an opponent who had a logical alternative has chosen an action that could have been suggested by such information, he should summon the Director forthwith. The Director shall require the auction and play to continue, standing ready to assign an adjusted score if he considers that an infraction of law has resulted in damage.
B.	Extraneous Information from Other Sources
	When a player accidentally receives unauthorised information about a board he is playing or has yet to play, as by looking at the wrong hand; by overhearing calls, results or remarks; by seeing cards at another table; or by seeing a card belonging to another player at his own table before the auction begins, the Director should be notified forthwith, preferably by the recipient of the information. If the Director considers that the information could interfere with normal play, he may:
	1.	Adjust Positions
		if the type of contest and scoring permit, adjust the players' positions at the table, so that the player with information about one hand will hold that hand; or,
	2.	Appoint Substitute
		with the concurrence of all four players, appoint a temporary substitute to replace the player who received the unauthorised information; or,
	3.	Award an Adjusted Score
		forthwith award an artificial adjusted score.
C.	Information from Withdrawn Calls and Plays
	A call or play may be withdrawn, and another substituted, either by a non-offending side after an opponent's infraction or by an offending side to rectify an infraction.
	1.	Non-offending Side
		For the non-offending side, all information arising from a withdrawn action is authorised, whether the action be its own or its opponents'.
	2.	Offending Side
		For the offending side, information arising from its own withdrawn action and from withdrawn actions of the non-offending side is unauthorised. A player of the offending side may not choose from among logical alternative actions one that could demonstrably have been suggested over another by the unauthorised information.

Chapter 1	Chapter 2	Chapter 3	Chapter 4	Chapter 5	Chapter 6
Chapter 7	Chapter 8	Chapter 9	Chapter 10	Chapter 11	Contents

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